Complex Mental Health And Recovery Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Complex Mental Health And Recovery. Answer: Introduction Psychosis is normally a general term that is used to define a set of mental illnesses resulting in strange or bizarre thinking, emotions, behavior. There are different kinds of psychotic disorders such as the Schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and delusional disorder (Fusar-Poli et al., 2013). The objective of this paper is to provide an overview of the types of psychotic disorders, the symptoms, and the complex assessment of the psychosis, the pharmacological and the non pharmacological nursing interventions for managing the psychosis. The paper will also provide an idea of the barrier to provide comprehensive care to the patients with psychotic disorders. There are some common symptoms of Psychotic disorders, although the symptoms depend upon the seriousness or the intensity of the disease. The factors that trigger psychosis in patients are drugs or alcohol abuse or cognitive degenerative diseases such as Alzheimers or Parkinson's diseases. Psychotic symptoms are common in Parkinson's diseases. Psychosis in PD is featured by hallucinations, sensory disturbances and delusions. Nursing assessment and priority care issues Assessment involves Behavioral responses, Self harm suicide, Homicide, Current and past mental status, Physical functioning, Pharmacologic assessment, Hydration and nutrition, abnormal motor movement, Suicidal tendency (Keltner, 2013). The priority of care for the nurses is to shift the tendency of self harm and harm to others, adherence to the medicines, cessation of alcohol, smoking and drug habits, maintaining the nutritional balance. Pharmacological nursing interventions Health care providers should at first assess the triggering factors that are responsible for the psychotic disorders. In case of psychosis caused by the medical conditions the underlying conditions behind the development of psychosis should be treated, with adjunctive psychiatric management for the behavioral problems (Acosta et al., 2012). In case of psychosis caused by substance abuse, detoxification of the medication is required. Antipsychotic agents are the main medications for psychotic disorders. Before the starting of the antipsychotic therapy it is necessary to check the vital signs such as the blood pressure and the weight (Stafford et al., 2013). Other monitoring includes electrocardiogram, Urea and the electrolytes, tests for a full blood count, liver function tests, creatinine phosphokinase. The antipsychotic agents are generally divided into first generation antipsychotics and second generation antipsychotics. Medications such as Phenothiazines, prochlorperazine and trifluroperazine, butyrophenones and substituted benzamides can be used. Second generation antipsychotic medications such as the amisulpride, clozapine, quetiapine, zotepine can be used (Stafford et al., 2013). Some of the essential medications prescribed by WHO EML are fluphenazine, chlorpromazine, haloperodol and enantate. While administering the antipsychotics the caregivers shall be careful and it is advisable to start with a low dos e and then increase gradually. Non pharmacological interventions The management of psychotic disorders requires psychosocial interventions. It will help to increase the functioning in the areas such as independent living, strength based approach, relationships and work (McHugh et al., 2013). Some of the essential interventions that are required are psycho education, social skill training, supported employment, teaching of the illness management skills, talk therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy (Hofmann et al., 2012). Integrated treatment is necessary for the comorbid substance use (Townsend Morgan, 2017). Nursing assessment for a patient with schizophrenia involves assessment of the incoherent speech, identifying of the duration of the psychotic medications, conversing to the patient in a low and calm voice that is easily comprehensible to the patient, planning of shot frequent conversations with the clients throughout the day, focusing the thoughts of the patient to the concrete things of the environment, encouraging the clients to engage in me aningful and constructive activities, encouraging the patients to perform deep breathing exercises, checking the fluid balance and the nutritional status of the patient, encouraging the patient to replace the irrational thoughts , encouraging the patient to participate in the group activities, smoking cessation and alcohol abstinence program, educate the patient and the family (Keltner, 2013). Barriers to treatment in psychotic disorders Antipsychotic medicines may lead to anticholinergic and neurologic side effects. Some of the common side effects include the Parkinsonian effects such as tremor, rigidity, muscular spasms and neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Furthermore it can also lead to hyperglycemia, ketoacidosis, and lipid disregulation. Series life threatening conditions may arise due to over dosages (Kane, Kishimoto Correll, 2013). Application of the antipsychotic medicines during pregnancy may be harmful as the drugs are often excreted into the breast milk. Apart from the side effects there are certain barriers to the treatment of psychotic disorders. Stigma of psychotic disorders is one of the important barriers that deter people from accessing the health care needed. Stigma can be defined as the attitudes and the prejudices held by the public for a particular disease (Townsend Morgan, 2017). Fear of rejection, anxiety keeps this people distant from the common people. The stigma of mental illness creates gr eater chances of suicides among the patients suffering from psychotic disorders. Another important barrier is the financial barrier. The cost attributing to mental illness is quite high as a prolonged treatment is necessary including costly medications and often rehabilitation stay. Public stigma is generally defined as a process of stereotypes, prejudices and discrimination towards a group of individuals. Stigmatization creates hopelessness in individuals that further deteriorate their well being. Self esteem can bring about speedy recovery in people. Violence exhibited by patients with psychotic disorders makes the treatment difficult as the caregivers might feel insecured of approaching them due to their extreme mood shifts. Furthermore there is disorientation in the health care system related to funding, eligibility rules, and unequal administrative sources. Conclusion Psychosis is a complex mental disorder that is actually an umbrella term to describe some complex mental disorders. It not only affects the physical and the mental health of the individuals but brings about distress in the family in terms of mental peace and economy. In spite of this, supportive care, antipsychotic medicines, cognitive behavioral therapy and family therapy can improve the quality of life of the patients. Bibliography Acosta, F. J., Hernndez, J. L., Pereira, J., Herrera, J., Rodrguez, C. J. (2012). Medication adherence in schizophrenia. World journal of psychiatry, 2(5), 74. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v2.i5.74 Allen, J., Burbach, F., Reibstein, J. (2013). A Different WorldIndividuals experience of an integrated family intervention for psychosis and its contribution to recovery. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 86(2), 212-228. DOI: 10.1111/j.2044-8341.2011.02057.x Fusar-Poli, P., Borgwardt, S., Bechdolf, A., Addington, J., Riecher-Rssler, A., Schultze-Lutter, F., ... Valmaggia, L. (2013). The psychosis high-risk state: a comprehensive state-of-the-art review. 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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2013.07.055 McHugh, R. K., Whitton, S. W., Peckham, A. D., Welge, J. A., Otto, M. W. (2013). Patient preference for psychological vs. pharmacological treatment of psychiatric disorders: a meta-analytic review. The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 74(6), 595. doi: 10.4088/JCP.12r07757 Morrison, A. P., French, P., Stewart, S. L., Birchwood, M., Fowler, D., Gumley, A. I., ... Patterson, P. (2012). Early detection and intervention evaluation for people at risk of psychosis: multisite randomised controlled trial. Bmj, 344, e2233. doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.e2233 Stafford, M. R., Jackson, H., Mayo-Wilson, E., Morrison, A. P., Kendall, T. (2013). Early interventions to prevent psychosis: systematic review and meta-analysis. Bmj, 346, f185. doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.f185 Townsend, M. C., Morgan, K. I. (2017). Psychiatric mental health nursing: Concepts of care in evidence-based practice. 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